Clinical Scales and Specialty Codes

TL;DR: Companion to Medical Coding. Where that page covers the major disease and lab classifications (ICD-10/11, MeSH, LOINC, ATC, SNOMED CT), this page catalogs the 40 supporting clinical scales and specialty codes WoT hosts: bedside / point-of-care scales (APGAR, ASA Physical Status, BMI, Bristol Stool, Pain Scale, Glasgow Coma - coming soon - Mohs hardness for skin pathology), national / regional ICD variants (ICD-10-CM not duplicated here, but ICD-10-CA / GM / AM and ICD-O-3, ICF, ICHI, ICPC-2), procedure / billing codes (CPT, HCPCS L2/L3, NUCC HCPT, MS-DRG, G-DRG), drug and medication codes (RxNorm, NDC, EDQM Dosage Forms), nursing taxonomies (NANDA-I, NIC Nursing, ICN Nursing), specialty registries (NCI Thesaurus, OMIM, Orphanet, GMDN, FHIR Resources, DICOM Modality), and quality measure frameworks (HEDIS, CMS Star Ratings, CTCAE, GBD Causes, WHO Essential Medicines, CDC Vaccine Schedule, DSM-5).

Bedside and point-of-care scales

Small bounded enumerations clinicians use at every shift.

System	Codes	Authority	Scope
`apgar_score`	12	AAP	APGAR newborn assessment (Appearance / Pulse / Grimace / Activity / Respiration; 0-2 each, 0-10 total)
`asa_physical`	11	ASA	American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status (ASA I-VI)
`bmi_categories`	11	WHO	Body Mass Index categories (underweight / normal / overweight / obese class I-III)
`blood_types`	14	various	ABO + Rh blood types
`bristol_stool`	11	NHS / Lewis	Bristol Stool Form Scale (Type 1-7)
`pain_scale`	12	various	Numeric Pain Rating Scale (0-10) and named scales
`mohs_hardness`	11	Mohs	Mineralogical hardness scale (used in dermatopathology and materials)

These score-style scales are universally used and trivially small; they're in WoT primarily so downstream classifiers can resolve "ASA III" or "BMI obese class II" against an authoritative anchor.

ICD national variants

WoT hosts ICD-10-CM (US, separately listed) and ICD-11 in Medical Coding. National variants:

System	Codes	Authority	Scope
`icd10_ca`	23	CIHI	Canadian ICD-10 modification (skeleton; Canadian Institute for Health Information)
`icd10_gm`	51	DIMDI / BfArM	German ICD-10 modification
`icd10_am`	52	IHACPA	Australian ICD-10 modification
`icdo3`	115	WHO	International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, 3rd ed.
`icf`	34	WHO	International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health
`ichi_who`	15	WHO	International Classification of Health Interventions
`icpc2`	18	WONCA / WHO	International Classification of Primary Care, 2nd ed.

Procedure and billing codes

System	Codes	Authority	Scope
`cpt_ama`	18	AMA	Current Procedural Terminology (skeleton; full CPT requires AMA license)
`hcpcs_l2`	59	CMS	Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System Level II (durable medical equipment, drugs, supplies)
`hcpcs_l3`	13	CMS / state Medicaid	HCPCS Level III (state-specific, legacy)
`nucc_hcpt`	94	NUCC	Healthcare Provider Taxonomy (provider type / specialty)
`ms_drg`	50	CMS	Medicare Severity Diagnosis Related Groups (US inpatient billing)
`g_drg`	26	InEK	German Diagnosis Related Groups

Drug, dosage, and medication

System	Codes	Authority	Scope
`rxnorm`	16	NLM	RxNorm normalized drug-name standard (skeleton; full corpus is large)
`ndc_fda`	112,077	FDA	National Drug Code (every US-marketed drug product)
`edqm_dosage`	17	EDQM (Council of Europe)	Standard Terms for pharmaceutical dose forms / routes / containers
`who_essential_med`	27	WHO	WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (categories)
`cdc_vaccine`	18	CDC	CDC vaccine schedule categories

Nursing taxonomies

Nursing has its own controlled vocabularies for diagnoses and interventions.

System	Codes	Authority	Scope
`nanda_nursing_dx`	14	NANDA-I	NANDA International nursing diagnoses (skeleton)
`nic_nursing_intv`	14	Iowa	Nursing Interventions Classification (skeleton)
`icn_nursing`	14	ICN	International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP, skeleton)

Specialty registries and large reference works

System	Codes	Authority	Scope
`nci_thesaurus`	211,072	NCI	NCI Thesaurus (cancer-research terminology, the largest health system in WoT)
`omim`	14	Johns Hopkins / NCBI	Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (skeleton; categories of genetic disorders)
`orphanet`	16	INSERM	Orphanet rare-disease classification (skeleton)
`gmdn`	17	GMDN Agency	Global Medical Device Nomenclature
`dicom_modality`	16	NEMA / DICOM	Standard imaging modality codes (CT, MR, US, etc.)
`fhir_resources`	15	HL7	FHIR resource type catalog (Patient, Encounter, Observation, etc.)

Quality, outcome, and population-health measures

System	Codes	Authority	Scope
`hedis`	15	NCQA	Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set quality measures
`cms_star`	13	CMS	CMS Star Ratings categories (Medicare Advantage, hospitals, nursing homes)
`ctcae`	27	NCI	Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (clinical-trial AE grading)
`gbd_cause`	23	IHME	Global Burden of Disease cause hierarchy
`dsm5`	21	APA	Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th ed. (skeleton)

Decision tree

What you are doing	Use
Newborn assessment	`apgar_score`
Pre-anesthesia risk assessment	`asa_physical`
Adult-weight category	`bmi_categories`
Pain assessment	`pain_scale`
Cancer pathology coding	`icdo3`
Disability and functioning assessment	`icf`
Primary-care complaint coding	`icpc2`
Health intervention coding	`ichi_who`
US inpatient billing	`ms_drg` + `cpt_ama` + `hcpcs_l2`
US drug-product identification	`ndc_fda`
Pharmaceutical dose-form standard	`edqm_dosage`
Provider type classification	`nucc_hcpt`
Imaging study modality	`dicom_modality`
Cancer terminology lookup	`nci_thesaurus`
Rare-disease lookup	`orphanet` + `omim`
Adverse-event grading in trials	`ctcae`
Global burden of disease analysis	`gbd_cause`
FHIR resource modeling	`fhir_resources`
Quality reporting (US Medicare)	`hedis` + `cms_star`
Vaccine scheduling (US)	`cdc_vaccine`
Mental-health diagnosis	`dsm5` (skeleton; pair with ICD-10/11 mental-health chapters)

Clinical Scales and Specialty Codes - APGAR, ASA, BMI, ICD variants, CPT, HCPCS, MS-DRG, RxNorm, NCI Thesaurus, FHIR, and more