Specialised Lending (Project, Object, Commodity)

IRB-SPEC denotes specialised lending exposures-project finance, object finance and commodity finance-that are assessed under the internal-ratings-based (IRB) approach. These assets involve financing a single project, a specific physical asset, or a commodity portfolio, and require tailored risk parameters distinct from standard corporate lending. The classification guides banks in applying Basel III/IV capital requirements to these concentrated, often higher-risk exposures.