Essential hypertension

**Definition:** Essential (primary) hypertension, accounting for 95% of all cases of hypertension, is defined as high blood pressure for which a secondary cause cannot be found.

**Long definition:** Defined through the measurement of the blood pressure using cuff method with a sitting systolic blood pressure above 140mmHg or a sitting diastolic blood pressure above 90mmHg in three consequent measurements. No specific medical cause can be found.

**Inclusions:** - high blood pressure

**Exclusions:** - Cerebrovascular diseases - Background retinopathy and retinal vascular changes