Chronic kidney disease, stage 4

**Definition:** GFR (15-29 ml/min/1.73m²)

**Long definition:** A disease of the kidney, caused by exposure to another disease, condition, or disorder, commonly diabetes mellitus, hypertension, or glomerulonephritis. This disease is characterized by a gradual rise in serum creatinine, severely reduced renal function, and kidney damage with a glomerular filtration rate of 15-29 millilitres per minute per 1.73 square metre for over 3 months. Confirmation is by estimated glomerular filtration rate, blood testing for creatinine, urinalysis, and abdominal ultrasound to differentiate chronic kidney disease from acute renal failure.

**Inclusions:** - chronic renal failure, stage 4