Ferns

**Definition:** Seedless nonflowering plants of the class Filicinae. They reproduce by spores that appear as dots on the underside of feathery fronds. In earlier classifications the Pteridophyta included the club mosses, horsetails, ferns, and various fossil groups. In more recent classifications, pteridophytes and spermatophytes (seed-bearing plants) are classified in the Subkingdom TRACHEOPHYTA (also known as Tracheophyta).

**Tree numbers:** - B01.875.800.575.912.063