Lithium Carbonate

**Semantic type:** Inorganic Chemical|Pharmacologic Substance

**Definition:** The carbonate salt of lithium, a soft alkali metal, with antimanic and hematopoietic activities. Lithium interferes with transmembrane sodium exchange in nerve cells by affecting sodium, potassium-stimulated adenosine triphosphatase (Na+, K+-ATPase); alters the release of neurotransmitters; affects cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) concentrations; and blocks inositol metabolism resulting in depletion of cellular inositol and inhibition of phospholipase C-mediated signal transduction. The exact mechanism through which lithium exerts its mood-stabilizing effect has not been established. In addition, lithium stimulates granulocytopoiesis and appears to increase the level of pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells by stimulating the release of hematopoietic cytokines and/or directly acting on hematopoietic stem cells.

**Synonyms:** - Escalith - Eskalith - Eskalith - LITHIUM CARBONATE - Lithane - Lithane - Lithium - Lithium carbonate - Lithobid - Lithobid - Lithonate - Lithonate - Lithotabs - Lithotabs