Vaccine Testing

**Semantic type:** Research Activity

**Definition:** The process that ensures the safety, efficacy, and quality of vaccines before they are made available to the public. Pre-clinical testing involves laboratory studies on cells, animals or human volunteers to assess the immune response, toxicity testing evaluates the safety profile o the vaccine, including possible side effects, and clinical trials (phases 1, 2, and 3) evaluate the safey of the vaccine in humans including dosage and side effects. Post-market surveillance is used to continue monitoring vaccine safety and effecacy after it is being used by the public. Reporting of any adverse events or concerns to health authorities.