Proguanil Hydrochloride

**Semantic type:** Pharmacologic Substance

**Definition:** The hydrochloride salt form of proguanil, a synthetic biguanide derivative of pyrimidine and an folate antagonist with antimalarial property. Upon hydrolysis, proguanil is converted to its active cyclic triazine metabolite, cycloguanil, by a cytochrome P450 dependent reaction. Cycloguanil selectively inhibits the bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase (DHFR-TS) of plasmodium parasite, thereby disrupting deoxythymidylate synthesis and ultimately blocking DNA and protein synthesis in the parasite.

**Synonyms:** - 1-(p-Chlorophenyl)-5-isopropylbiguanide Hydrochloride - Bigumalum - Chlorguanide - Chloriguane - Chloroguanide Hydrochloride - Chloroquanil - Imidodicarbonimidic Diamide, N-(4-chlorophenyl)-N'-(1-methylethyl)-, Monohydrochloride(9CI) - PROGUANIL HYDROCHLORIDE