Hematologic Neoplasm Associated with Down Syndrome

**Semantic type:** Neoplastic Process

**Definition:** Hematologic neoplasms occurring in individuals with Down syndrome. There is an increased risk of acute leukemias in both children and adults with Down syndrome. In particular, the incidence of acute myeloid leukemia in Down syndrome children of less than five years of age is particularly high, it is usually an acute megakaryoblastic leukemia, and is associated with GATA1 gene mutation. This group of disorders also includes the entity transient abnormal myelopoiesis which occurs in neonates and is associated with GATA1 gene mutation.

**Synonyms:** - Myeloid Proliferation Associated with Down Syndrome - Myeloid Proliferations Associated with Down Syndrome - Myeloid Proliferations Related to Down Syndrome - Myeloid Proliferations Related to Down Syndrome - Myeloid Proliferations Related to Down Syndrome