GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL

**Definition:** This place covers:

Silencing apparatus in exhaust systems for reducing the noise emitted by machines or engines in general, but more particularly internal combustion engines.

Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous or otherwise treating exhaust. The main apparatus includes particulate filters, absorbents and other catalytic reactors. The means can also be an electric discharge or the addition of air or liquids.

Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy, mainly the devices using exhaust heat.

Electrical control, monitoring or diagnostic of exhaust gas treating apparatus.

Other constructional features common to the above apparatus or the exhaust conduits including manufacture, assembly, disassembly or material selection.

**Glossary:** - Absorbent: Could also be found under the wording: trap, adsorbent or storage device, e.g. NOx-trap. It is an element which can absorb at least one compound and release/adsorb it again. The reduction or oxidation of the compound in the absorbent may or may not occur, depending of the presence of a suitable catalyst therefore.