Sec 316 - Thermal Discharges and Cooling Water Intakes

Section 316 of the Clean Water Act authorizes the EPA to establish performance standards for the discharge of heated or cooled water and for the design and operation of cooling water intake structures, aiming to protect aquatic life and water quality. It addresses thermal pollution from industrial processes and requires facilities to minimize temperature changes and entrainment of organisms. Compliance may involve technology upgrades, monitoring, and permitting.