Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli infection

**Definition:** A condition of the gastrointestinal system, caused by an infection with the gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli. This condition is characterised by acute, watery diarrhoea due to toxins released from the bacteria. Transmission is by the faecal-oral route from ingestion of contaminated food, water, or fomites. Confirmation is by identification of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) in faecal sample.

**Long definition:** Escherichia coli infection caused by Enterotoxigenic E coli (ETEC) strains which produce special toxins which stimulate the lining of the intestines causing them to secrete excessive fluid, thus producing diarrhea. ETEC strains remain a major cause of infantile diarrhoea in developing countries and of travellers’ diarrhoeas in visitors to these countries.