Congenital cranial dysinnervation syndrome

**Definition:** Congenital cranial dysinnervation syndrome is a group of congenital cranial dysinnervation disorders (CCDDs). CCDDs are congenital, non-progressive conditions that result from abnormal development of the cranial nerves and their nuclei. They include both sporadic and familial disorders, and since they frequently involve the extraocular and facial musculature and result in abnormal eye movements, they often present to the ophthalmologist.